Strengths And Weaknesses Of Etisalat

Qualities And Weaknesses Of Etisalat Emirates Telecommunication Corporation Etisalat was established in 1976 as a business entity between International Aeradio Limited, a British Company, and neighborhood accomplices. In 1983 the proprietorship structure changed United Arab Emirates government held a 60% offer in the organization and the staying 40% were traded on an open market. In 1991 the UAE focal government provided Federal Law No. 1, which gave the organization the option to give the broadcast communications wired and remote administrations in the nation and among UAE and different nations. It additionally gave the firm the option to give licenses for claiming, bringing in, assembling, utilizing or working media transmission gear. This for all intents and purposes gave Etisalat both administrative and control powers, which finished the imposing business model of the telecom monster in the UAE. So as to protect the countrys financial turn of events, the law made arrangements for the advancement of the media transmission segment in the nation. The expansion of trade lines from 36,000 out of 1976 to more than 737,000 of every 1998 was one of the significant pointers of Etisalat systems development and improvement. A significant achievement was Etisalats beginning of global tasks in January 2001, when under the brand name of Ufone it began working out of Islamabad. Today Etisalat stands 140th among the Financial Times Top 500 Corporations on the planet regarding market capitalization, and is positioned by The Middle East magazine as the sixth biggest organization in the Middle East as far as capitalization and incomes. The Corporation is the biggest patron outside the oil area to advancement projects of the UAE Federal Etisalat has additionally won honors from over the locale for its nationalization program Etisalat Building in Abu Dhabi, UAE Notwithstanding its media transmission administrations supplier and bearer units, Etisalat fuses some of extra non-telecom specialty units under the umbrella of Etisalat Services Holding LLC. These units support the companys activities and even offer types of assistance to different administrators and associations, in particular: preparing and consultancy services(Etisalat Academy, SIM/savvy card assembling and installment arrangements (Ebtikar), information clearing house administrations (EDCH), peering/voice and information travel (Emirates Internet Exchange EMIX), call focus Etisalat is a significant financial specialist in Thuraya (34.5%), a satellite geo-portable correspondence frameworks supplier. In 2006 Etisalat began a significant rebuilding program that brought about the de-merger of a large number of its non-center specialty units working under the telecoms concentrated and direct administration; center administrations were solidified and smoothed out, mirroring the companys move from an innovation driven telecom to a client centered administrations supplier. As a component of the program, Etisalat has propelled a re-marking effort, discharging another corporate logo and personality in May 2006. The rebuilding finished in the joining of Etisalat Services Holding LLC, which starting at 2008 manages the activity of Etisalats non-telecom specialty units with gigantic examples of overcoming adversity . Etisalat International Investments Etisalat International Investments is the specialty unit of Etisalat that works outside the UAE and deals with the enterprises stakes in media communications transporters in Afghanistan, Benin, Burkina Faso, the Central African Republic, Gabon, India, Indonesia, Iran, the Ivory Coast, Egypt, Niger, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Sri Lanka and Pakistan. The International Investments unit additionally oversees Etisalats minor stakes in different media communications administrations suppliers, for example, Sudatel (a versatile, fixed and Internet administrations supplier in Sudan), and Qtel (Qatar-based broadcast communications administrations supplier). Mobily Saudi Arabia One of Etisalats first global speculations was the offered to turn into the subsequent versatile administrations administrator in Saudi Arabia. Etihad Etisalat, a consortium drove by Etisalat, won the 2G GSM permit by offering USD $3.25 billion. Right now working under the brand name Mobily, Etihad Etisalat offers Saudi Arabia endorsers regular and 3.5G portable communication benefits, and has glided shares on the Saudi securities exchange. PTCL Pakistan Among the acquisitions of Etisalat in 2005 was a 26% administration stake in Pakistan Telecommunications (PTCL) that was put marked down by the Government of Pakistan as a component of a huge privatization activity. So as to outbid contenders (which included Singapore Telecommunications and China Mobile), Etisalat offered USD $2.56 billion for the stake. As per a few experts, the telecom has overpaid, as the offer went a long ways past the evaluated USD $2 billion estimation of the bundle. Etisalat Egypt In July 2006, a consortium drove by Etisalat was conceded the rights to create Egypts third versatile system, with a triumphant offer of 16.7 billion Egyptian pounds (EUR à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢ ¬2.29 billion euro). The endeavor, Etisalat Egypt, contends with existing specialist organizations Vodafone and Mobinil. On September 12, 2006, it was declared that the system would be worked by Ericsson of Sweden, and Huawei of China, at an expense of roughly USD $1.2 billion. In 2007, at the Comms MEA Awards function Etisalat was given the Best New Entrant grant for its Egyptian tasks. Grant champs were chosen by a board of specialists from KPMG, the Arab Advisors Group and Oliver Wyman, Dubai. Canar Sudan Etisalat is one of the establishing accomplice organizations of Canar Telecom, a fixed-line telecom administrations administrator. In September 2007 Etisalat has brought its stake up in Canar from 37% to 82% at an expected expense of AED 584.17 million (USD $159 million). Canar was propelled on November 27, 2005. The administrator is accounted for to utilize NGN and Wireless Local Loop (WLL) advances for its voice, information, web and sight and sound administrations. Canar is one of the main administrators in Africa to utilize a NGN arrange center. EMTS Nigeria Etisalat consented to an arrangement to secure 40% of and oversee Emerging Markets Telecommunications Services, Nigerias fifth GSM administrator. It is currently working with around 5 million Subscribers, and as of late consented to an arrangement with Main One link organization to dispatch one of the principal major broadband help in Nigeria. Zantel Tanzania In January 1999, Etisalat gained a stake in Zanzibar Telecom (a Tanzania-based versatile administrator) for USD $2.4 million (AED 8.8 million) and has thusly expanded the stake by 17% in July 2007. From that point forward, Zantel has presented telcom administrations that are normal for the African district, for example, portable financial administrations for clients without access to banking offices (Zpesa Mobile Banking). Atlantique Telecom/Moov West Africa In Africa, Etisalat gained half of Atlantique Telecoms partakes in April 2005. Situated in the Ivory Coast, AT possesses portable administrators in Benin, Burkina Faso, Togo, Niger, Central African Republic, Gabon and Ivory Coast. In 2007, Etisalat expanded its offers in AT to 70% and again in May 2008, to 82%. AT bunch endorsers totaled 2.9 million toward the finish of 2007, which is a 107% expansion from the earlier year. Ivory Coast: Moov, is as of now Ivory Coasts third-biggest wireless administrator with a 1.5 million client base. In 2008 Moov Ivory Coast presented the main across the nation mobile phone inclusion, in light of Thuraya satellite access innovation. It is the first occasion when that such a help has been offered in sub-Saharan Africa, outside South Africa. It was normal that the extended inclusion presented by the satellite assistance would help support Moovs client base and even surpass France Telecoms unit Orange as the top telecom administrations supplier in the nation. Benin: Etisalat works in Benin under the Moov brand. On 24 October 2007 the legislature of Benin has reassigned Telecels working permit to Etisalat. In February 2008, His Excellency Dr. Boni Yayi, President of Benin, respected Etisalat administrator, Mohammad Hassan Omran during a service to observe Etisalats endeavors in creating and advancing the media communications division in Benin. XL Axiata Indonesia Indonesia-based versatile administrations administrator PT XL Axiata (some time ago PT Excelcomindo Pratama) is Etisalats first obtaining in the Far East. In December 2007 Etisalat took a 15.97% stake subsequent to paying USD $438 million (AED 1.6 billion). At the hour of the obtaining XL had 15 million versatile supporters. Etisalat Afghanistan Etisalat Afghanistan is a recently settled GSM administrator, 100% possessed by Etisalat. It was set up in May 2006 after the UAE telecom won the permit to work the fourth versatile administrations supplier in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Etisalats offer for the permit was USD $1.2 billion (AED 4.4 billion) and administrations were propelled in August 2007. Etisalat Afghanistan works out of Kabul and as of March 3, 2010, the organization has accomplished 24 percent piece of the pie in 27 territories of Afghanistan. Etisalat Sri Lanka Etisalat obtained the Sri Lankan Operation of Millicom International Cellular (MIC), Tigo (Sri Lanka) on 16 October 2009. The procurement was finished with an all out big business estimation of 207 Million US$, out of which 155 Million US$ was in real money. Tigo (Sri Lanka) under the then brand name CELLTEL began tasks in June 1989 on a Motorola TACS framework and was the main cell administrator in Sri Lanka just as South Asia. In January 2007, Millicom supplanted the neighborhood CELLTEL brand with Tigo, their worldwide image. In February 2010, Tigo was rebranded as Etisalat. It contends with global administrators like Dialog (Telekom Malaysia), Mobitel (Sri Lanka Telecom), Hutch (Hutchison) and Airtel (Bharti Airtel), utilizing advancements GSM/EDGE and would like to dispatch UMTS/HSDPA benefits more than 900/1800 and 2100 MHz in 2011. Etisalat India In 2009 Etisalat has reported that its Indian unit, recent Swan Telecom (possessed by Dynamix Balwas Realty and Reliance Communications), headquartered in Mumbai, is renamed to Etisalat DB Telecom India Pv

Free Essays on Poe Vs Hawthorne A Comparison Contrast Essay

Poe and Hawthorne Poe and Hawthorne were two American journalists who have characterized writing as we probably am aware it today. They significantly raised the measures for short anecdotal stories (â€Å"Poe Defines the ‘Well Made Tale’†), and were the first to address the human heart and to pass on facts that withstand the trial of time (â€Å"Hawthorne Introduces the Concept of Romance†). Poe put the accentuation of story composing on a solitary impact that he needed to leave with the peruser, and built up his accounts around that impact or last feeling (â€Å"Poe Defines†). Hawthorne, then again, set significance on the real portrayal of the author’s creative mind and origination of himself's general surroundings (â€Å"Hawthorne Introduces†). These imaginative musings and experimentations in language have always changed what we acknowledge recorded as a hard copy. Poe and Hawthorne were fundamental in the improvement of American writing today as a r esult of their innovative employments of imagery, subject, language, portrayal, and setting to encapsulate the primary purposes in their short stories, yet we see particular contrasts in the way these are utilized to set the totally various states of mind required for sentiment composing and gothic composition. The most prevail highlight Poe and Hawthorne reliably create in their composing is the utilization of imagery. In Poe’s â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†, imagery in both light and dull structures was spoken to. From the light examples of the flames enlightening the rooms and the flares enthusiastic moving over the dividers, to the dim clock held inside the dark room that was ticking endlessly the time the revelers had left to live, Poe emphatically differentiates life (light) and passing (dull) (â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†). Hawthorne likewise utilizes light and dull symbolism in his short story, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†. The fundamental dim image comes as the dark cloak that Mr. Hooper wears to speak to some type of wrongdoing. The compara... Free Essays on Poe Vs Hawthorne A Comparison Contrast Essay Free Essays on Poe Vs Hawthorne A Comparison Contrast Essay Poe and Hawthorne Poe and Hawthorne were two American journalists who have characterized writing as we probably am aware it today. They extraordinarily raised the principles for short anecdotal stories (â€Å"Poe Defines the ‘Well Made Tale’†), and were the first to address the human heart and to pass on facts that withstand the trial of time (â€Å"Hawthorne Introduces the Concept of Romance†). Poe put the accentuation of story composing on a solitary impact that he needed to leave with the peruser, and built up his accounts around that impact or last feeling (â€Å"Poe Defines†). Hawthorne, then again, put significance on the real portrayal of the author’s creative mind and origination of himself's general surroundings (â€Å"Hawthorne Introduces†). These inventive musings and experimentations in language have everlastingly changed what we acknowledge recorded as a hard copy. Poe and Hawthorne were imperative in the improvement of American writing toda y in light of their creative employments of imagery, subject, language, portrayal, and setting to encapsulate the fundamental purposes in their short stories, yet we see unmistakable contrasts in the way these are utilized to set the totally various states of mind required for sentiment composing and gothic composition. The most prevail highlight Poe and Hawthorne reliably create in their composing is the utilization of imagery. In Poe’s â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†, imagery in both light and dull structures was spoken to. From the light examples of the flames enlightening the rooms and the blazes enthusiastic moving over the dividers, to the dull clock held inside the dark room that was ticking endlessly the time the revelers had left to live, Poe unequivocally differentiates life (light) and demise (dim) (â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†). Hawthorne additionally utilizes light and dull symbolism in his short story, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†. The fundamental dim image comes as the dark cover that Mr. Hooper wears to speak to some type of wrongdoing. The compara...

The Services Offered by Barclays Technology Essay

The Services Offered by Barclays Technology Essay The Barclays group in one of the largest financial providers worldwide with its offices located in 30 countries across the globe. The bank is headquartered in London, UK, with approximately 85% of bank deposits and loans contained in the country of origin. Other European Union countries hold about 10% of the Barclays business, while the United States possess about 3%. The remaining 2% are spread among other countries of Barclays operation (Rugman Collinson, 2009). Though the Barclays financial corporation is mostly exposed to risks in its country of origin, research findings illustrate its significant exposure in US dollars as well. Financial activities lend by Barclays in various countries underpin its international financial exposure, which requires a strategic approach to managing foreign currency and oversees activities along with activities in the domestic market to identify, detect and prevent the risk of currency losses. Another concern of Barclays as an international financi al provider is to provide sufficient and timely financial services to its clients worldwide (Rugman Collinson, 2009). Online banking is the most widely used digital services’ solution in the banking industry today used to enable individual clients and business consumers to exercise control over their bank accounts and transfer money. Indeed, online banking services are beneficial in terms of customer convenience and society sustainable development as well (Türk et al., 2003). As such, internet banking eliminates the need for the client’s personal visit to the bank and reduces the volume of paper documents, financial staff and banking space used. Therefore, internet transfer costs are significantly lower compared to traditional transfers. While being a convenient, time-efficient and easily accessible means of requesting and receiving banking services, internet banking poses some challenges as well. First, online banking requires development and implementation of corresponding hard- and software and regular upgrade and update of the digital infrastructure to ensure its smooth and flawless operati on and services’ mobility. Another critical concern of online banking refers an increased risk of forgery, which may reduce the public trust in digital banking services. Client user names, contact information and passwords present high interest to hackers, who target banks with poor protection measures (Türk et al., 2003). Despite these difficulties that impose additional investment in digital design and safety, online banking is a preferred scenario today, as the bank’s customer needs only a PC to gain access to his or her accounts and perform money transfers. In this respect, Barclays has developed a system of internet banking to deliver its services to customers in different parts of the globe. The comprehensive system of digital banking services allows Barclays to provide financial assistance and support to individual clients and corporations in any extent and any time the services is needed (Barclays, 2017). Barclays internet banking offers control over client’s assets and cash in a time-efficient manner. In this respect, Barclays proposes a variety of tools that are likely to suit different business needs. Online banking services allow Barclays customers to manage their finance, loans and cash from any location and digital technology equipment. Therefore, extensive functionality of internet banking is complemented by flexibility (Barclays, 2017). Apart from enabling digital banking services of any complexity, Barclays system of online banking utilises diversified safety measures and processes to protect client user privacy, to safeguard automatic logging and to detect the risk of a hacker attack. In this vein, Barclays conveys regular inspections and check-ups of internet banking systems to identify and troubleshot malfunctions (Barclays, 2017). The provider prioritises the system’s sensitivity in terms of the immediate detection of unauthorised log-in and prevention of hacker operations with client accounts. Informational technology risk management occupies a substantial portion of Barclays managerial and policy-making agenda. Besides, Barclays internet portal provides enough information and advice instructing client users to use online banking services in a way to protect their information. References Barclays. (2017). Digital banking services. Barclays website. Retrieved from https://www.barclayscorporate.com/products-and-solutions/online-banking-services.html Rugman, A. M. Collinson, S. (2009). International business. Harlow: Pearson Education. Türk, V., Kuhndt, M., Alakeson, V., Aldrich, T. von Geiber, J. (2003). A case study with Barclays PLC final report, April 2003. Brussels, Belgium: The European Community Project: Information Society Technology Programme.

Dawson Lumber Company Limited Essay - 1516 Words

Objective National Bank of Canada (NBC or the Bank) is tasked with the decision to review Dawson Lumber Company Limiteds (Dawson) request for an increase in its line of credit up to the amount of $10.8mm. Dawson intends to finance inventory and receivables with the line of credit. NBC must remain cognizant of the competitive landscape of the lumber industry and assess whether a focus on the retail segment is beneficial to Dawsons strategic plan. Given that Dawson is one of the regions largest borrowers, NBC must be careful in how it manages this relationship. The Bank cannot afford to turn away NBCs business. However, extending Dawson additional credit may increase Dawsons default risk and jeopardize the potential for NBC†¦show more content†¦Canadian Retail Hardware and Home Improvement Industry Analysis This industry, although more attractive than the lumber industry, has its own inherent flaws . The Canadian retail hardware and home improvement industry can be characte rized by high degree of rivalry, mainly due to a large number of players competing over products of low differentiation and incurring high fixed costs. Furthermore, due to low switching costs, high information, and price sensitivity, buyers are not loyal and have high bargaining power relative to retailers. Additionally, the medium threat and power of large new entrants and suppliers adds to the industrys unattractiveness. Company Overview Dawson was founded in the 1870s and has remained a private business since inception. Located in Ontario, Canada, its operations have been focused on three regions: Ottawa, primarily an urban market, Cornwall, a rural market, and Kingston, partially a resort and partially an urban market. During the last 3 years Dawsons net sales have increased considerably (21% in 1997; and 38% in 1998) putting great pressure on the way the company finances its working capital (WK). This situation is intensified by seasonal sales, typical of the construction industry. In September of 1998, Dawson pursued a strategy of forward integrating into theShow MoreRelatedDawson Lumber Company Limited1550 Words   |  7 Pages(NBC or the Bank) is tasked with the decision to review Dawson Lumber Company Limited s (Dawson) request for an increase in its line of credit up to the amount of $10.8mm. Dawson intends to finance inventory and receivables with the line of credit. NBC must remain cogniz ant of the competitive landscape of the lumber industry and assess whether a focus on the retail segment is beneficial to Dawson s strategic plan. Given that Dawson is one of the region s largest borrowers, NBC must be carefulRead MoreDawson Lumber Company1182 Words   |  5 Pagesbusiness: Dawson Lumber Company Nature of the business: Wholesale Lumber Business Marketing Analysis: The Dawson Lumber Company was founded in the 1870s by the Dawson family to market the lumber on their land. In 1950, Dawson Lumber owned four small lumber yards in the Corn wall area, each operating as a separate company. However, in 1965, J.H. Dawson became president and amalgamated the four companies into the Dawson Lumber Company. The company had acquired seven more lumber yards northRead Morelaw of contract11640 Words   |  47 Pagesto the usual course of things from such breach of contract itself, or b) such special circumstances as may reasonably be supposed to have been in the contemplation of both parties at the time they made the contract Horne v. The Midland Railway Company Facts: P contracted to manufacture and deliver shoes. Gave notice to stationmaster but deliver late. Special circumstances must be indicated if the P hopes to recover exceptional damages Victoria Laundry Facts: D sold P boilers and deliveredRead MoreHistory Grade 10 Exam Review6476 Words   |  26 Pages * June 17 ïÆ'   eight members were arrested ïÆ'   planned mass rally June 21 * The crowd pushed a streetcar over ïÆ'   one man killed 30 injured ïÆ'   Bloody Saturday * Branch Plant * A factory or business owned and controlled by a larger company in another country * Model T * Model T became a popular car because of low price, cheap (mass production) and easy maintenance * It had many problems like brittle axles, stuck in the mud (as there weren’t that many paved roads),Read MorePrinciples of Microeconomics Fifth Canadian Edition20085 Words   |  81 PagesDenesiuk Harris Production Service: MPS Limited, a Macmillan Company Copy Editor: June Trusty Proofreader: Barbara Storey Indexer: David Luljak Senior Production Coordinator: Ferial Suleman Design Director: Ken Phipps Managing Designer: Franca Amore Interior Design Modifications: Peter Papayanakis Cover Design: Dianna Little Cover Images: (Edmonton): Design Pics/ Fotosearch; (clouds): Larentz Gullachson/Getty Images Compositor: MPS Limited, a Macmillan Company Printer: RR Donnelley COPYRIGHT  © 2011Read MoreIntroduction to Materials Management169665 Words   |  679 PagesJeff Vanik Production Manager: Deidra M. Schwartz Director of Marketing: David Gesell Marketing Manager: Jimmy Stephens Marketing Assistant: Alicia Dysert This book was set by GGS Book Services. It was printed and bound by R. R. Donnelley Sons Company. The cover was printed by Phoenix Color Corp. Copyright  © 2008, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1996, 1991 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This

Overhead in County Slogi and Woman Work - Comparison

In this essay where I am going to discuss the similaritys and differences between two poems. Woman Work written by Maya Angelou, which is about a woman who works all the time and just wants to rest. The second poem is called overheard in County Sigo written by Gillian Clarke which is about a married woman having a conversation with her friend about her life and looking back at what her ambitions were. br brWoman Work is a regular 5 stanza, rhyming poem, It is set in southern USA. We know this because of the way she talkes The cane to be cut Cane is grown in southern USA, I gotta clean up this hut Hut is what she calles her house And the cotton to Pick cotton also grows in USA. Its about this womanwhos either single or†¦show more content†¦Two things came into my mind. br br1. She got really bad results and no qualifications so she ended up doing things like this, instead of getting a proper job. So the poet might be trying to emphasise how important it is for children to try their best at school. br br2. She didnt do too bad at school but she got children at a younge age and that took most of her time so because shes single she cant go to work as when you get children

The Nicaraguan and Cuban Revolution Free Essays

Nicaragua, the state with the least â€Å"fertile dirt for the proliferation of Left groups† , was the lone state where a revolution prevailed following the Cuban Revolution ( 4 ) . Despite many similarities between Cuba and Nicaragua, they established rather distinguishable revolutions. InSandinista, Matilde Zimmermann, frequently compares and contrasts the FSLN motion with the Cuban Revolution. We will write a custom essay sample on The Nicaraguan and Cuban Revolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now In add-on, she besides provides non merely a thorough survey of the military and ideological leader Carlos Fonseca, but offers insight into the development of the FSLN. Unlike the Cuban Revolution, the Nicaraguan revolution under the leading of the FSLN was chiefly a societal revolution. Harmonizing to Zimmermann, the FSLN of Carlos Fonseca was responsible for mobilising the Nicaraguans into a societal revolution. However, following Fonseca’s decease, Zimmermann attributes the death of the revolution to the fact that the Sandinistas failed to follow Fonseca’s vision. Although Cuba and Nicaragua both suffered from inhibitory and weak democratic establishments, their revolutions are distinguishable. On the one manus, Cuba experienced a political revolution. The societal ends of the revolutionists were 2nd to the political 1s and remained mistily defined even after 1959. The revolution in Nicaragua was a societal revolution. The bulk of the Nicaraguan population massively supported the actions of the FSLN. The same can non be said about Cuba, where the bulk of the Cuban population was non mobilized by the Rebels. The radical battle against Somoza was marked by category struggle and the resistance against Batista was non. Despite the differences, the Cuban revolution in peculiar the leading of Che Guevara and Fidel Castro had a important impact on the development of Carlos Fonseca’s political political orientation. Zimmermann argues that the Cuban revolution had a profound influence on Fonseca’s thought and the Sandinista motion ( 9 ) . The voluntarism of Che Guevara and the personal appeal of Fidel Castro captured the attending of Third World hereafter revolutionists. For Fonseca, the triumph of the Cuban Revolution convinced him that revolution was possible and that a new organisation was needed to take it ( 56 ) . Fonseca found a hero in Che Guevara and became influenced by Che’s Hagiographas. Fonseca set out to double the Cuban triumph in Nicaragua. Similar to Fidel Castro’s usage of Jose Marti in Cuba, Fonseca appealed to the nationalist image of Augusto Sandino. Sandino’s battle in the 1930s divine Fonseca and as a consequence Sandino became a Nicaraguan rallying symbol for the revolution ( 61 ) . Fonseca’s political authorship remained committed to both socialist revolution and national release from imperialism. Sandino and Che Guevara were the two most of import influences on Fonseca’s political idea. Guevara’s Marxism and Sandino’s patriotism became rooted in a motion capable of doing a successful revolution. Carlos Fonseca’s political political orientation became woven into early FSLN literature and philosophy. Carlos Fonseca was really much the motivation force behind the Sandinistas. In the Historic Program, Fonseca outlined his doctrine of encompassing the experiences of the Nicaraguan workers and provincials. This doctrine was cardinal to the FSLN initial platform ( 208 ) . Unlike the 26th of July Movement, whose forces merely represented a minority of the Cuban population, the Sandinista alliance was genuinely representative of the lower sector of Nicaraguan society. From the get downing the FSLN was organized chiefly to stand for workers, provincials, and the urban hapless. They believed in educating the lower category by transfusing in them an apprehension of Nicaraguan history, which taught them about the Nicaraguan battle against imperialism ( 191 ) . In add-on, this doctrine contributed to the entreaty of the FSLN and helped mobilise immature activists. Throughout the sixtiess, Fonseca and the little group of vernal revolutionists launched a guerrilla motion. Fonseca helped form g uerilla units, recruited clandestinely for future action, and endured prison. Despite the frequent lickings, Fonseca’s strength and dedication to the cause helped keep the integrity of the organisation during long periods of belowground being. In the late seventiess, the members of the FSLN became divided and frequently argued over scheme and tactics. Zimmerman demonstrates that Fonseca understood the grounds for the divisions and differ with the cabals ( 184 ) . In 1975, Fonseca returned to Nicaragua to repair the rifts in the FSLN and to re-validate his leading. However, Fonseca died on his manner to a jungle acme meeting he called with the purpose of mending the divisions. Following his decease, the factional struggle became significantly worse. The three different cabals in the FSLN: the Insurrectional Tendency, the Prolonged People’s War, and the Proletarian Tendency, strayed off from the Historic Program designed by Fonseca ( 208 ) . In add-on the FSLN became more moderate. Zimmerman argues that the 1978 revision of the 1969 Historic Program foreshadowed a continual series of via medias intended to lenify the national businessperson resistance ( 208 ) . The FSLN bit by bit abandoned their ain radical docket. In 1979, the Sandinistas succeeded in subverting the Somoza government. The FSLN without Fonseca lost Fonseca’s focal point on apprehension and reacting to hapless Nicaraguans and their diverse signifiers of development. Rather than prosecuting them as radical topics, they made the multitudes the object of radical policy, a displacement that produced opposition instead than dialogue. In add-on, the arguments that gave rise to the FSLN cabals remained integral within the nine leaders of the National Directorate ( 226 ) . The Directorate lost sight about what was best for Nicaraguan workers and provincials. Although the FSLN claimed to be regulating in the involvement of workers and provincials, their refusal to convey new leaders from oppressed societal categories to the Directorate did non back up their claim. In the 1990s, National Directorate led to another split. That, along with the civil war took a important political toll on the FSLN. In February 1990, after a disruptive decennary in power, the FSLN was voted out of office when Conservative leader Violeta Chamorro round Daniel Ortega in the presidential race ( 228 ) . By taking to concentrate on the political vision and political orientation of Carlos Fonseca, Zimmermann was able to explicate the flight of the Nicaraguan Revolution as a gradual procedure. Carlos Fonseca was influenced significantly from the successes of the Cuban Revolution. Although certain facets of the Cuban Revolution were different, it did supply Fonseca with a political design of how he planned on conveying about a revolution in Nicaragua. Fonseca’s thoughts were to a great extent influenced by the instructions of Che Guevara and Augusto Sandino. He chose to concentrate on the Nicaraguan workers and provincials. This doctrine became the FSLN initial political platform. The early FSLN under Fonseca used this platform to make out to the laden categories and mobilized them against the Somoza Regime. Following the decease of Fonseca, the FSLN in power became more moderate, to a great extent divided, and bit by bit strayed away from Fonseca’s vision. By 1990, the FS LN had wholly changed. They still honored Fonseca as a radical icon, but they no longer incorporated his doctrines into their policies. The FSLN in power shifted off from the involvements of the workers and provincials which created much opposition. Zimmermann finally argues that it was the Sandinistas’ treachery of the thoughts and illustrations of Carlos Fonseca that attributed to the death of the revolution. How to cite The Nicaraguan and Cuban Revolution, Essay examples

Sustainability on Hitachi and Cake Crumbs

Hitachi is a leading global electronic company commonly known as Hitachi Global Storage Technologies (Hitachi GST). It specializes in the manufacture of hard disc drives, external storage solutions as well as solid state drives. These components are commonly used to handle wide array of data. For instance, data can be generated, stored, processed, retrieved and also disseminated using these components.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sustainability on Hitachi and Cake Crumbs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Additionally, this company also offers myriad of products, systems and services which are used in data management. Some of these products include electronic devices, information systems, power and industrial systems, financial and logistics services as well as consumer products. Hitachi Company has a wide range of internal and external hard disc drives which offer a satisfactory storage capacity to meet the de mand of tech savvy modern users. The drives therefore let one backup and synchronize important data. These drives are known to be reliable and fast enough in terms of speed thus meeting the needs of the consumers. Hitachi has a variety of hard drives and each variety has unique characteristics. Deskstar T7K500 which is a 3.5 inch hard disk drive has a formatted capacity of 250 to 500 GB and works at a speed of 7200 RPM. The disc drive works under a temperature of between 0-60 degrees centigrade and a humidity of 8-90%. The drive is made of sub-drives that are advantageous in that they require minimal running and spinning power and less cooling of the drive. It is also capable of spinning down drives that are not being used at a certain time. In terms of memory, the disc drives possess large Processing memory. Hitachi disk driveAdvertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition to this, the drive possesses data integrity in that in case of power loss, Customers’ data is not lost. It has no preventitive maintenance and can withstand 50,000 Start and stop cycles. Moreover, it has a data recovery system. All these Functional characteristics make the device highly reliable.1 Another organization where the same innovative principle is evidenced is ‘Cake Crumbs’ in Denver. This is a three years old baking company with a notable expansion over the past few years. Apart from cakes, they also make salads and sandwiches. As a result, their supply market has widened with time. They are dedicated to making their customers happy through their services that even involve making deliveries to customers’ residences. In addition to this, they make sure they share news about their products together with any happenings around. They are keen to customers’ suggestions and feedback.2   The shop has made use of a variety of ingredients sourced fr om the locality and this has consequently resulted to expansion of its menus to meet demand. Cake baking and decorations scientifically and visionary art forms are employed. The success of ‘Cake Crumbs’ can also be attributed to its creative, experienced, focused and professional employees. In summing up, it is imperative to mention that the invention of the Hitachi disc drives has contributed a lot to the growth of information technology. Its reliability, environmental adaptations, storage and memory capacity among other features increases its suitability across the board. As far as Cake Crumb is concerned, it is definitely an aspect to reckon with. Many businesses can borrow from it. Finally, the following measures are highly recommended: 3 Introduction and distribution of the drives in various geographical locations. Sensitization of both active and prospect consumers through strategic marketing. Marketing of Cake Crumb products to other areas of Colorado and neig hboring countries. The cakes can also be delivered to consumers within their localities in order to reduce physical distance. In addition, sustainable raw materials (ingredients) can be purchased from affordable or less expensive sources. It is important to utilize a lot of media attention techniques for marketing and sustainability. Mostly, the extensive use of social media by the Cake Crumb Company is positive and a good step for extensive marketing. Use of Hitachi disc drives that are relatively smaller in size. Conclusion The companies analyzed have several aspects in common. Most of the similarities relate to techniques of enhancing relevance and sustainability in the market. The following are some of comparisons that can be drawn from the two companies:Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sustainability on Hitachi and Cake Crumbs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Both companies embrace creativity and innovativ eness as key to remaining relevant in the market. Hitachi Company has drives that are customized and can meet the demands from tech savvy customers. Cake Crumb Company utilizes the social media as a way of capturing both existing and prospective customers. This is creative because it places the company relevant for long. According to Chasser and Wolfe, companies must use available media attention techniques and unique characteristics to maintain their relevance. 4 The two companies have effective customer services. Cake Crumb company has a program that taps suggestions and feedbacks from the customers. The company then tries as much as possible to offer its customers some of their preferences as a form of retaining them. Hitachi Company has myriad of services, systems and products that are at disposals. This kind of variety ensures that customers can easily obtain what they actually need at any given time. The company also customizes some of its products to fit the taste and prefere nces of consumers. It is crucial to mention that good customer service is necessary in any business operation bearing in mind that no single business organization can remain relevant in the market without the positive input of consumers. The two companies are well endowed with strategic business marketing as well as business connecting. The latter is a fundamental form of marketing any kind of company. Most importantly, the direction taken is mainly customer based. It seeks to analyze the needs, tastes and preferences of consumers and streamlining production accordingly.5 The use of social media and widening of the market by Cake Crumb is one way of moving closer to the targeted consumers who are supposed to understand the products being offered in the market and possibly make necessary choices. Hitachi, on the other hand, is keenly focusing on Corporate Social Responsibility especially in management of the environment. Both companies have variety of products for their customers. Th e element of variety in both product and service portfolio has been utilized by both companies as a marketing strategy of not only maintaining their customers but also attracting new ones.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Bibliography Chaser, Anne Wolfe, Jennifer. Brand rewired: Connecting Branding, creativity, and intellectual property strategy. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons, Inc, 2010. Estes, Jonathan. Smart green: how to implement sustainable business practices in any industry and make money. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons, 2009. Jose, San. â€Å"Hitachi Inspire the Next†. Hitachi. Web. Lichtenthal, David. Fundamentals of business marketing education: A guide for university-level faculty and policymakers. New York: The Haworth Press, Inc, 2004. Team Cake-Crumbs. Pie, â€Å"Beautiful Pie†. Cake Crumbs. Web. Footnotes 1 San Jose, â€Å"Hitachi Inspire the Next†. Hitachi. 2 Team Cake-Crumbs. Pie, â€Å"Beautiful Pie†. Cake Crumbs. 3 Jonathan Estes. Smart green: how to implement sustainable business practices in any industry and make money. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons, 2009,pp. 140-141. 4 Anne Chaser Wolfe, Jennifer. Brand rewired: Connecting Branding, creativity, and intellectual p roperty strategy. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons, Inc, 2010.p. 62. 5David Lichtenthal. Fundamentals of business marketing education: A guide for university-level faculty and policymakers. New York: The Haworth Press, Inc, 2004. p.28. This essay on Sustainability on Hitachi and Cake Crumbs was written and submitted by user Tate Stevens to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Public Education System is a Failure

The Public Education System is a Failure A child miseducated is a child lost. - President John F. Kennedy Education policy is one of the few issues vigorously debated at every level of government. Local communities (parents), counties, states, and the federal government struggle for control over control of the education system. Conservatives overwhelmingly support school choice and broad educational opportunity. We believe in a competitive environment that sees private, public, parochial, charter, and alternative schools where parents can choose the best fit for their kids. We also generally believe in voucher programs that would help children in poorer communities have the same opportunities to go to the same schools as their wealthier counterparts, almost always with a lower price-tag than simply sending them to failing public schools. Liberals love, as one might suspect, the big government solution. One central policy fits all. Appeasing the wealthy and voter rich teachers unions is their top priority, though they will always claim its for the children. This is why Democrats always favor protecting government teachers over helping kids - often minorities who need such help the most - escape a bad environment. Stomping out the competition and battling alternative forms of education, such as private schools or homeschooling, is also high on the agenda. Government always knows best, and decades of failure will not change their minds. But how do such opinions toward public education develop? Why is it that conservatives and liberals are so far apart when ensuring a successful educational system is one thing we should all agree on? Often, people take a political position based on the political party they have chosen. My position comes from my own experiences. My Life as a Public Education Student I was lured with an offer: Choose our high school and earn college credits. It was 1995 and I was heading into high school. No-one in my family had ever gone to college, and it was pretty well beaten into me that I would be the first. My family was on the lower-end of the middle class scale and private school was out of the question at this point. Luckily, as most would view it, I was zoned to go to a mostly white and wealthy public high school. But there was an alternative: a separate public high school recently started offering free college credits through a set of different magnet programs. As you might guess, a magnet program is meant to attract students to that school. The magnet school was located in a low-income, high-crime community and many thought I was crazy to voluntarily go there. With roughly 40% of students failing to graduate, the school had the highest dropout rate out of the two dozen district schools. But the option of free college credits that would eliminate over a year of college was too good to pass up for someone in my situation. I actually had a choice, though not as many as I would want my kids to have today. And as I would later realize, the system was not set-up with the students best interests in mind. I realized it was both a scam for me and the community that the school served. Importing Improvements Why was a magnet program established at, of all places, this failing public high school? In retrospect, it seems obvious. News reports at the time hinted the program was put into place for diversity reasons and to integrate the school better (the student body is roughly 5% white). But their was no real integration. The people bussed in from other communities were shoved into honors or Advanced Placement classes with each other and were effectively segregated from the rest of the students anyway. The only diversification that could be seen was in the hallways as we rushed from class to class or in P.E. So, that clearly was no reason to have the magnet program located there if you were seeking to diversify. One critical factor is that the magnet programs have requirements. Above average grades were required both for acceptance and in order to stay in the various magnet programs. The requirements are necessary and logical given that students would be taking college level classes. But it made even more sense as to why the programs were developed in this particular school: to import successful students and help get the school out of the basement. It was a pretty safe bet that the students being brought into these magnet programs, which were located in a school with high drop-out and low college preparedness rates, would both graduate and go to college. The number of magnet schools increased, and so to did the importation of better students. Is it cynical to suggest that these programs were introduced into this school for no other reason than to make the school seem as though it was improving, when they were doing little more than filling seats with kids who were supposed to go to other sch ools? Where the unable to make real change with the students they had so they attempted to stack the deck? Failing the Students who Lived in the Community I dont oppose the idea of having magnet schools. I believe the concept of letting high school students both earn college credits and decide on a career path would work well in a competitive educational system. But the model here was seemingly to make a school appear more successful by bringing in students who were highly likely to succeed, rather than actually fixing the underlying problems with the broken public education system. Nothing changed for those who lived in that community and went to that school. The school system tried to put lipstick on a pig. The magnet school would have logically fit into any other public school besides this one. If anything, it made absolutely no sense to put the school there at all. Yes, some of the kids in the magnet program were from the community, but that was a very small percentage. My classes were filled primarily with those who were brought in from outside of the community, then we were bussed out when the bells rang. The horrible irony is rather than taking good kids with few options out and sending them somewhere to be successful, they were taking good kids who were in a good situation and putting them into a pretty bad environment. This is why I and most conservatives support public choice. Eventually, we have to put the needs of children above the needs of teachers and and the governments dream of complete control over education.

Studios and Studies

Studios and Studies Studios and Studies Studios and Studies By Mark Nichol The word study has a variety of meanings and a small but meaningful array of words based on it. This post lists those definitions and terms. Study derives from the Latin verb studere, meaning, â€Å"application† in the sense of applying one’s attention, especially to learning. From that word came studium, the term for an artist’s workshop (but also meaning â€Å"eagerness† or zeal†), which evolved into the Italian term studio. Today, studio retains its primary meaning, though it has expanded to designate the site of any of a variety of artistic endeavors, from fine arts to photography and motion pictures, as well as performing arts and, by extension, media broadcasts. Therefore, a studio might be small room where a painter or sculptor produces his or her art, a larger chamber where radio, television, or film production occurs or where audio recordings are created, or (referred to in the plural) an entire complex of buildings and outdoor sets where TV programs or movies are filmed. Studio also denotes a company that produces media or a group of people associated with a particular studio where artists work. Also by extension, from the fact that through history, many artists’ studios have doubled as living quarters, a small, one-room dwelling is often referred to as a studio (or, for clarity, a studio apartment or a studio flat). Study often refers to a room, usually one furnished with a desk and bookcases or bookshelves and devoted to reading and/or writing. Study also pertains to a topic of learning, though in that sense it is usually employed generically in plural form (as in â€Å"He devoted himself to his studies†). A study hall was originally a common room on a university campus for study and tutoring; the term â€Å"study hall† now often denotes a period during the school day or after school where secondary school students can work on class assignments. A study can also be an experimental or exploratory creative or intellectual exercise, especially a musical composition intended not only to be aesthetically pleasing but also to exercise musicians in technique or demonstrate their musical skills, though in this sense, the French form à ©tude is often employed. In addition, study refers to reflection or thought in general but also describes, in the phrase â€Å"quick study,† someone who learns or memorizes quickly; â€Å"brown study† is an outdated description of a gloomy or melancholy state of thought into which someone was often referred to as falling. (Brown once had the sense in an emotional context that blue has now.) Meanwhile, an understudy is an actor prepared to substitute for another cast member in a theatrical production. The sense of â€Å"an academic or scientific research project† derives from the verb study, which means â€Å"engage in learning† or, more specifically, refers to the act of consuming information to acquire knowledge and understanding. The verb can also pertain to attentively regarding something, as in â€Å"She studied the room for a moment to determine the best hiding place for the book.† A student is a learner, not only in a formal academic sense but also in reference to someone who carefully and closely follows a discipline or topic. Open compounds such as â€Å"student driver† and â€Å"student teacher† generally denote someone practicing the endeavor indicated by the second word. Someone who studies diligently is studious, does so studiously, and demonstrates studiousness. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Farther vs. FurtherRules for Capitalization in Titles10 Tips About How to Write a Caption

Kants theory of perpetual peace and Arab-Israeli politics Essay

Kants theory of perpetual peace and Arab-Israeli politics - Essay Example This paper aims to read Kant’s theory of â€Å"Perpetual Peace† as a practical base to understand and name some ongoing events in Arab-Israeli politics.The academia has been discussing the nature of Arab-Israeli politics throughout the last few decades. Considering the widely shared terminology, one may easily become conscious of some chronic words: change, turbulence, chaos, new world order, governance, civil society, transition, revolution, and peace. It is almost an accepted theory, or in another word, hypothesis, that we are facing a complete change. From this standpoint, this paper aims to read Kant’s theory of â€Å"Perpetual Peace† as a practical base to understand and name some ongoing events in Arab-Israeli politics. One can find many an area of agreement or disagreement over the logic and formulas chosen by policy-makers or academics in â€Å"what we are fighting for.† For over two hundred years , academics and politicians have articulated at the power of democracy to make global harmony. The Oslo Agreement signed between Israel and the Palestinians in 1993 was ended with a view to develop â€Å"a just, lasting and comprehensive peace†. Yet, since their coming into effect the Arabs have seen not peace but disgust of the most evil kind in modern history. For several years, the de facto rule of Western administrations and newspapers in evaluating the Middle Eastern political state of affairs was similar to the scene in The Wizard of Oz: â€Å"Pay no attention to the man behind the curtain† ... One must retain information that the Arabs control 99.9 per cent of the Middle East territories. Israel stands for only 1 per cent of the territories. The State of Israel was established primarily to be a homeland to the Jewish community. The civil rights of the Jewish people to return to their primeval home town has been recognized by the international community. Creating a 'perpetual peace' is a long-term process, one that should have run equivalent to the Oslo negotiations but was unnoticed in the belief that everything could be changed by tomorrow. If it isn't done at the moment, when the situation of political affairs of Arab States is about as bad as it has been since the ending of the 1967 war, mass support for a 'peace conformity', if and when such an contract is at last signed, will not be approaching, and the forces of irredentism and conflict will again win the day. The conflicts between the Arab and Muslim world on one side, and Israel on another, is top news around the entire world. It is also at the forefront of debate on many institutions of higher education around the world. As Jos Saramago, winner of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Literature, quoted: "We must ring all bells in the world to tell that what is happening in Palestine is a crime, and it is within our power stop to this... We can compare it to what happened in Auschwitz" (Alan Dershowitz 2007). Nicholas De Genova, a Columbia University assistant professor of anthropology, has reported: "The heritage of the victims of the Holocaust belongs to the Palestinian people. The state of Israel has no legitimate claim to the heritage of the Holocaust. The heritage

Organization Learning Disabilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organization Learning Disabilities - Essay Example Limitations and opportunities of organizational learning should be considered in learning organizations which are those where individuals continually broaden their capability to achieve the results they seek while nurturing new and expansive thinking patterns. The creation of a competitive advantage for companies is dependent on learning at the individual and the organizational level and people but there are a number of barriers that result in organizational learning disabilities which may hinder this. Some organizational learning disabilities that are faced by various organizations include: I am my position: In this case individuals have a tendency to connect to their positions, for instance, a janitor will think that he is a janitor while a teacher will also have the same line of thinking. In this situation of organization learning disability, people have a propensity to forget that they are human beings. Their specialization into their positions results in the people losing their human aspects in the organization. The enemy is out there: This is a familiar case where the people in the organization always blame someone else for problems. For instance, the marketing department may blame their production counterparts, while the production department may blame the purchasing department for problems being faced in the organization. This has resulted in the development of cross functional teams and individuals across supply chains are collaborating more closely(Wallace, 2007). The fixation on events: In this case, the people in the organization find themselves thinking only in terms of specific events such as when sales dropped by a particular margin, when they have a shortage of staff or when the number of customers is declining. This creates a scenario where people concentrate on specific issues at any particular time. This form of near sightedness results in reactionary policies that eventually lead to worse situations and

The Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe :: essays papers

The Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe Communism is like Prohibition - it's a good idea but it won't work" (Will Rogers, 1927) (1) This essay will give a brief introduction to communism. It will then discuss the various factors which combined to bring about the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe. It will examine each of these factors and evaluate the effect of each. Finally it will attempt to assertain whether Rogers' opinion (see above quotation) on Communism is true, that is, whether communism was truly doomed to fail from the start, or whether its collapse was a result of external influences. Communism is based on the ideas and teachings of Karl Marx as modified by Lenin. At its most basic, the ideal of communism is a system in which everyone is seen as equal and wealth is distributed equally among the people. There is no private ownership. The state owns and controls all enterprises and property. The state is run by one leading elite. The Soviet model of communism was based on these ideals. All opposition parties were banned although parties who were sympathetic to communism and who shared the communist ideals were allowed. All power was concentrated into the hands of the Communist party. Free press and civil liberties were suppressed. Censorship and propaganda were widely used. There was state ownership of the economy. No private enterprise was allowed. There was a collectivisation of agriculture. The Communist Party invaded and controlled every aspect of political, social, cultural and economic life. It was a totalitarian state with complete Communist control over all facets of life. In the early years, and up until Gorbachev's "new regime", the use of force and terror as a means of maintaining control was widespread. The first factor which contributed to the failure and eventual collapse of communism was the fact that the Communist party's domination was illegitimate from the beginning. Lenin came to power after a bloody Civil War between those who supported Lenin and those who opposed the Soviet regime. To Lenin, defeat was unthinkable and he was prepared to make any and every sacrifice to win the war and save "the revolution". The forcible requisitioning of food and supplies was approved by Lenin. This could only be achieved by enforcing strict and absolute discipline at every level of society. Terror was to become the chief instrument of power and Lenin was to assume the role of dictator. This was a phenomenon which was to become a symbol of communist regimes throughout their lifetime. This trend was followed when Stalin came to power as leader of the The Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe :: essays papers The Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe Communism is like Prohibition - it's a good idea but it won't work" (Will Rogers, 1927) (1) This essay will give a brief introduction to communism. It will then discuss the various factors which combined to bring about the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe. It will examine each of these factors and evaluate the effect of each. Finally it will attempt to assertain whether Rogers' opinion (see above quotation) on Communism is true, that is, whether communism was truly doomed to fail from the start, or whether its collapse was a result of external influences. Communism is based on the ideas and teachings of Karl Marx as modified by Lenin. At its most basic, the ideal of communism is a system in which everyone is seen as equal and wealth is distributed equally among the people. There is no private ownership. The state owns and controls all enterprises and property. The state is run by one leading elite. The Soviet model of communism was based on these ideals. All opposition parties were banned although parties who were sympathetic to communism and who shared the communist ideals were allowed. All power was concentrated into the hands of the Communist party. Free press and civil liberties were suppressed. Censorship and propaganda were widely used. There was state ownership of the economy. No private enterprise was allowed. There was a collectivisation of agriculture. The Communist Party invaded and controlled every aspect of political, social, cultural and economic life. It was a totalitarian state with complete Communist control over all facets of life. In the early years, and up until Gorbachev's "new regime", the use of force and terror as a means of maintaining control was widespread. The first factor which contributed to the failure and eventual collapse of communism was the fact that the Communist party's domination was illegitimate from the beginning. Lenin came to power after a bloody Civil War between those who supported Lenin and those who opposed the Soviet regime. To Lenin, defeat was unthinkable and he was prepared to make any and every sacrifice to win the war and save "the revolution". The forcible requisitioning of food and supplies was approved by Lenin. This could only be achieved by enforcing strict and absolute discipline at every level of society. Terror was to become the chief instrument of power and Lenin was to assume the role of dictator. This was a phenomenon which was to become a symbol of communist regimes throughout their lifetime. This trend was followed when Stalin came to power as leader of the

The Swimmer by John Cheever

Mina Hanna ENGL 2130-010 Ms. Kilgore The Swimmer by John Cheever Oct 06, 2011 The Swimmer by John Cheever Neddy’s journey home through the pools of his neighborhood turns into a journey through many years of his life, showing that passage of time is inevitable, no matter how much one might ignore it. Neddy has mastered the art of denial. At the beginning of the story, the narrator tells us that Neddy is far from young, but he does his best to act young by sliding down a banister and dividing headlong into a pool. The long afternoon at the Westerhazy’s pool seems timeless, no different, we can assume, from many thers afternoons spent exactly the same way. As Neddy’s journey progresses, we see that time is actually passing much more quickly than Neddy realizes. Leaves and hedges turn yellow and red, the constellations in the sky change, and the air gets colder. Friends not at home when he expects them to be, he faces scorn from the people he would once scorned, his mistress wants nothing to do with him, and he learns that a friend has been very ill. All these changes have happened without Neddy’s knowledge. Neddy question his memory, but he also onders whether he has simply denied reality to a dangerous degree. His peers have acted their age and faced adult problems, whereas he has raised. Morshed 2 The pervasive consumption of alcohol throughout the story sharpens the distortion of time and Neddy’s sense of unhappiness. The drinking, serving, and desire for alcohol become significant motivators for Neddy as well as a way to measure his social standing. At the beginning of the story, everyone is complaining of having drunk too much the night before, but they have gathered companionably at the Westerhazys’ pool o drink again. Neddy drinks gin before he decides to swim from pool to pool, and his swim home is marked as much by fresh drinks as by new swimming pool. At the Bunkers’ party, Neddy feels comforted and happy when he is given a drink, whereas at the Biswangers’ party, he feels slighted by the way his drink is served. As his journey grows more difficult, Neddy wishes deeply for a drink but is often turned down, once at the Sachses’ and once at Shirley Adam’s. His desire for a drink grows strongly as he grows weaker, and the amount of alcohol he has consumed during is journey could explain clearly the harsh bewildering emotional place in which Neddy finds himself at the end of the story. Morshed 3 The pools that Neddy swims through as he makes his way home represent periods of time that Neddy passes through. At the beginning of the story, Neddy is strong and active, feels deep contentment with his life, and is admired by his friends. Warm is the sun, he feels like a legendary figure, as though there is nothing he can’t accomplish. As he progresses from pool to pool, however, Neddy changes. Physically, he grows eaker, unable to pull himself out of pool without a ladder and unwilling to drive in as he once did. Instead of being warm, he eventually feels chilled to the bone. Around him, the sunny summer day grows increasingly cooler, and a storm passes. The trees, meanwhile, lose their leaves, and the constellations change to those of autumn. His standing in his social circle has changed as well. Once respected and given to snubbing those who are not part of his group, he is now snubbed by Grace Biswanger and the bartender at the party, Which Neddy is not aware that he has suffered. A lot has happened as he has been moving from pool to pool. Neddy has named the chain of pools the â€Å"Lucinda River†, invoking the security and longevity of his marriage and family, but his choice of name becomes sad and ironic when he winds up at his dark, deserted home. Neddy has taken Lucinda, just as he took his comfortable life, for granted. We don’t know much about their marriage, but we know of Neddy’s affair with Shirley, an affair he treated lightly and to which he attached no meaning. Morshed 4 The changes in weather and season that occur throughout the story mirror Neddy’s hanging life circumstances, particularly the deterioration of his comfort and security. At the beginning of the story, Neddy is warm in the sunshine, conscious of nothing but his own happiness and the pleasures of the day. As he begins his swim, the water and air are of comfortable temperature, and he can walk easily from pool to pool in his swim trunks. Shortly into his jo urney, a storm passes, making a turning point in Neddy’s plans. He is alone for the first time, waiting out the storm in a deserted gazebo; and when the storm ends, the warmth is gone. He is chilly, and the red and yellow leaves n the ground suggest falls. Neddy feels a peculiar sadness, the first time he feels anything other than happiness. Weather and season are not kind to Neddy from this moment on. He gets colder, sees more signs of fall, and changes from a robust traveler into a pathetic figure by the highway. Autumn arrives in full as Neddy finishes his journey, and the final pool he swims in has freezing cold water. Just as Neddy’s happy life has come to a close, the cycle of seasons has been completed as well, and it is clear by the end of the story that Neddy’s is entering the winter of his life.

Chivalry in Arthurian Legend Essay - 926 Words

Chivalry in Arthurian Legend Merriam-Websters on-line dictionary defines chivalry as the system, spirit, or customs of medieval knighthood. As Leon Gautier, author of Chivalry, defines this system and spirit of knighthood by identifying rules of chivalry, two of which are well illustrated in Lanval, TheWife of Baths Tale, and The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnel: Thou shalt never lie, and shall remain faithful to thy pledged word, and Thou shalt be generous, and give largess to everyone(qtd. in Chivalry). All three stories seem to suggest the predominant theme of a knight living up to his word. This is shown by the fact that, in each story, the knights oath is taken very seriously, is treated as a contract, and is†¦show more content†¦It is interesting to note that King Arthurs life depends on two things: his remaining faithful to his word, and Sir Gromer, also a knight bound by the code of chivalry, remaining true to his word. If Arthur does not trust that Sir Gromer will honor the code and spare his life, it would seem unreasonable for him to agree to such a deal. In the end, we find that both men remain honorable, thus upholding this aspect of the code of knighthood. Similarly, the knight, in the story told by the Wife of Bath, is faced with the punishment of death for the crime of rape. To save his life, he swears to the queen that he shall return within a year and a day with the correct answer to her question: What thing [is it] that women most desiren(911). Again, it is difficult to believe that the queen would have allowed this knight to run off, unpunished for his crime, unless she believed he would remain true to his word. It seems that it would have been very easy for this knight to save his life simply by disappearing. Yet he lived up to his oath. In Lanval, the knight is asked to make a promise to his ami not to let anyone know of their affair. Although Lanval does not remain true to his word, the importance of the oath is made clear in the simple fact that his love trusts his word implicitly. It is important to note that, were it not for the implied oath of a knight to remain loyal at all costs to his king, Lanval would have kept his promiseShow MoreRelatedMonty Python And The Holy Grail861 Words   |  4 Pagesa parody of Arthurian stories. It is a film that is not very elaborate on special effects, costumes and such as it even includes invisible horses with coconuts to mimic the sound of the â€Å"galloping† horses. All which indicate the low budget set on the production of the film. Although, the quality of the film does not suffer with it’s low budget since this adds uniqueness and more comical pieces to the film. The concepts triggered in the film come from elements of the Arthurian legends. The elementsR ead MoreChristian Elements in the King Arthur1295 Words   |  6 Pagesaspect of the Medieval hierarchy. The Church affected rituals and moral principles of the people, as well as write their own stories to enlist to their ideologies. Literature links with the delegated character of the Medieval past, such as the Arthurian legend, influencing the interpretation of the period. King Arthur is recognized as legendary king of Britain, whose central figure spreads abroad from British history to centuries of Western literary works. He is known for leading British soldiers againstRead MoreThomas Malory s Morte Darthur The Tale Of Launcelot And Guinevere s Betrayal And The Tragedy That Ensues1206 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Morte Darthur†: A research paper for English 325 In Thomas Malory s Morte Darthur the tale of Launcelot and Guinevere’s betrayal and the tragedy that ensues is the prevailing end of the arthurian legend. Malory writing as a prisoner accused of treason took vested interest in the betrayal of Arthur by Guinevere and one of his most popular knights. Most likely due to the fact that Malory saw himself and hope for mercy in the character Launcelot and made that evident in the story he wrote.UltimatelyRead More The Effects of Sir Thomas Malory’s Life and Culture on the Arthurian Legends2233 Words   |  9 Pagesand Culture on the Arthurian Legends In many cases, authors write books in order to comment on the culture they live in. In addition, the personal life experiences of the author are also expressed in the work. In the case of the Arthurian Legends, the major contributor was Sir Thomas Malory, who lived from 1405 to 1471 (Abrams, 420). The first section of this paper will examine why Sir Thomas Malory should be considered the greatest contributor to the Arthurian Legends. The second sectionRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight Code Analysis824 Words   |  4 Pagesimportance of the chivalric code. Sir Gawain always keeps his promises, obeys his lord, and enters combat to uphold his reputation of bravery. These comprise part of the code of chivalry, the principle of utmost importance to any knight. Arthurian legends esteemed honor, honesty, valor, and loyalty. The Knights Code of Chivalry and vows of the Knighthood include a lengthy list of vows required from knights. These include: â™ £ To fear God and maintain His Church â™ £ To serve the liege lord in valour and faithRead MoreKing Arthur And The Arthurian Legend906 Words   |  4 Pagesother famous Arthurian legends were believed to be mostly truth in the 11th Century. Many people enjoyed the idea that their history once contained a time of chivalry and wonder such as the tall tales described. Indeed, some today believe the same. However, King Arthur, despite being an influential figure from the 11th century onwards, was mostly a work a fiction, his tales and legends an amalgamation of truth and fantasy with some historical basis and much exaggeration. Arthurian legend is a blendRead MoreJason Mack. Ms. Davis. English I. 24 April 2017. The Honor896 Words   |  4 PagesJason Mack Ms. Davis English I 24 April 2017 The Honor of Sir Galahad The knights of King Arthur’s time were not only brave, but they were righteous, gallant, and faithful. In King Arthur’s time, chivalry was everything. Knights were expected to do battle, be religious, and be respectful to women. One such knight was Sir Galahad. He was the son of Lancelot and Elaine of Corbenic and became a knight at King Arthur’s Round Table. The story of Sir Galahad was shared in The Quest of the Holy Grail fromRead MoreChivalry And Chivalry In Sir Gawain And The Green Knight1287 Words   |  6 PagesThe legends and tales of the knights of King Arthur’s Round Table have resounded for ages—vivid stories of courageous and gallant knights usurping evil while simultaneously maintaining an upstanding reputation. Through the Arthurian tales, one has the opportunity to experience heroic narratives of exemplary models of knights who clearly illustrate the chivalry and honorability one should aspire to possess. No more evidently is this th eme displayed than in the 14th century epic poem Sir Gawain andRead MoreKing Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table Essay2967 Words   |  12 PagesRound Table The legends of King Arthur of Britain and his Knights of the Round Table, among the most popular and beloved of all time, originated in the Middle Ages. As they do today, medieval people listened to the accounts of Arthur with fascination and awe. It is certain that popular folktales were told about a hero named Arthur throughout the Celtic parts of the British Isles and France, especially in Wales, Cornwall, and Brittany (Lunt 76). Other stories of chivalry that did not includeRead MoreEssay about The Once and Future King1411 Words   |  6 Pagesis a legend that is, despite its age, known by all. Everyone has heard of King Arthur and his loyal knights that make up the Round Table, but the rest of the famous legend is less known. If asked about Arthur’s parentage or birthplace, most people would not know. How many people can name off Arthur’s knights? Everyone knows Arthur’s name, but the details are less defined. Arthurian legend has many parts, the first b eing how Arthur came into being, then the most well-known part of the legend, but